The education in Somalia

Education and formal classroom learning opportunities are limited and unavailable for a majority of children in Somalia. There have been substantial increases in the number of operational schools and in enrolment rates, but considerable disparities in the quality of and access to primary education are still problematic in parts of the country because of the socio-economic, cultural and political realities.
Most existing schools are concentrated in and around urban areas and are mainly financed by fees or other forms of support from parents and communities, with some input from external agencies.
Somalia has one of the lowest primary school enrolment rates in the world.
The Survey of Primary Schools in Somalia for 2003-2004 provides valuable insights (Note: These statistics are yet to be included in the official figures that go into the State of the World's Children Report). According to the survey report, there are 1,172 operating schools with a total enrolment of over 285,574 children representing an 19.9 per cent gross enrolment ratio (GER). Data from Lower Jubba Region, El Waq district of Gedo Region and Jilib district of Middle Jubba Region was not collected as these areas were inaccessible due to floods and insecurity. This places Somalia among the lowest enrolment rates in the world.
Gender-related disparities remain an area of major concern. The survey results revealed that only slightly over one third, or 37 per cent, of pupils are girls at the lower primary school levels. Since the 2003/4 survey, there has been very little progress toward reducing the gender disparity, which increases rapidly in higher grades. Results of previous school surveys reflect the same pattern. The low enrolment and high drop-out rates of girls in most areas are due to a combination of traditional attitudes, timing of classes and economic considerations. In 2005, UNICEF is embarking on a Back to School campaign in Somalia with a view to boosting overall enrolment with special focus on girls' eduction.
Female teachers are under-represented, making up only about 13 per cent of the total number of all teachers. The sector suffers from severe managerial, technical and financial resource limitations, and a lack of consistency in standards.

from the Unicef's information

AF SOOMALIGA IYO JIILKA SOO KORAYA

Cabdiraxmaan Maxamed Abtidoon
a.abtidon@gmail.com

Afku wuu dhashaa, wuu koraa, wuuna dhintaa sida naflaha oo kale. Afku wuxuu dhintaa haddii aanan lagu hadlin, ka hor inta uusan dhiman wuu xanuunsadaa oo sakaraadaa.
Haddii aan tusaale u soo qaadanno af soomaaligii ay ku hadli jireen awooweyaasheen intee hadda ka nool? Kii aabayaasheenna marka loo fiiriyo kuwa aan hadda u adeegsanno nolol maalmeedkeena farqiqa u dhexeeya ka waran? Haba ka sii darnaatee afka soomaaliga ee dhallinta maanta joogtaa ay badi ku hadlaan bal fiiri…
Haddaad jaleecdo maqaalada qaar ee lagu soo qoro mareegyada soomaalida erayada qaar waxa uu ula jeedo qoraagu ma garan kartid, iyada oo uu ulajeedo in uu ku qoray afsoomaali ayaa haddana aysan ahayn afsoomaali malaha afkalena aysan ahayn maxaa yeelay qoraagu wuxuu ula jeeday af soomaali in wax uu ku qoro. Taa miyeysan ahayn afkiiyoo jiraday kuna socda in uu dhinto.
Jiilka soo koraya waa aayaha dalkeena iyo dadkeena, waa kuwa ay ku xirantahay waxyaabo badan oo mustaqbalkeena ah oo uu ka mid yahay afkeena hooyo.
Cilmi-baarisyo badan oo la sameyey ayaa waxa ay sheegayaan ilmaha ku hadla afaf kala gedisan in ay qeyb weyn ka ciyaari karto aqoontooda, korriinkooda maskaxeed iyo weliba fursadooda mustaqbaleedba.
Cilmi-baaris ay sameysay Jaamacadda York “Ontaria” ee dalka Kanada ayaa waxaa lagu sheegay in ku hadalka ama aqoonta afaf kala gedisan ay hagaajineyso habka dhiig wareegga maskaxda, dadka ku hadla afaf badan maskaxdoodu horey uma gabowgo waxaana u fudud xusuusta iyo xifdinta ayey leedahay daraasadaas.
Caruurta soomaaliyeed ee qurbaha ku nool waxa ay haystaan fursad weyn oo ah in ay noqon karaan kuwa ku hadla laba luqadood “bilingual” maxaa yeelay, waxa ay ka soo jeedaan soomaaliya waxa ayna ku nool yihiin meel uusan af soomaaligu ahayn afka guud ee la adeegsado.
Waalidiinta intooda badan waa ay rabaan in caruurtooda ay ku hadlaan af soomaali, laakiin wahsi ama/iyo fududeysi awgood ayeyna culeysa u saarin arrintaas muhiimka ah.
Bal si ay waalidiin badan oo soomaaliyeed ugu fududaato ayaan waxaan halkan ku soo gudbinayaa talooyin ay bixisay Dr. Foufou Savitzky oo ka tirsan London Language and Literacy Unit, South Bank University waxa ayna yihiin.

- Mar walba kula hadal caruurtaada afkaada hooyo xitaa marka uu ilmuhu aad u yar yahay

oo uusan fahmeynin ha ahaato markaad wax karineyso, ama aad wax qoreyso ama aad wax

iibsaneyso iwm.
- Ku bar ilmahaaga ciyaaraha iyo heesaha afkaaga hooyo.
- Ugu sheeg sheekooyin afkaada hooyo kuna dhiiri geli in uu kula soo galo sheekada.
- Markaad kala hadleyso meeshuu ku soo ciyaaray, xannaanada ama dugsiga uu jiray kula

hadal afkaada, haddii uu kuugu jawaabo af ingiriis, ku celi waxa uu yiri adigoo ku sheegay

afkaada.
- Ha ka xishoon in aad ku adeegsato afkaada meelaha dadku isugu yimaado, haddii uu ruux

kugu dhibsado maaha hawl adiga kuu taala ee waa mid ruuxaas u taala.
- Hubi in uu ilmuhu yaqaan magacyada afafka uu adeegsado.
- Hubi in uu kala saari karo.
- U kaxee ilmaha riwaayadaha, meelaha lagu ciyaaro, goobaha gabayada lagu akhriyo,

filimada iwm oo ay ka maqli katraan dad ku hadlaya afkaada.
- Ku dadaal in ilmahaada ay la ciyaaraan ilma kale oo ku hadla afkaada.
- Raadi haddii uu jiro dugsi ay jaaliyaddu ku dhigto afkaada hooyo, ilmuhu waxa uu ka

faa’iddayaa fasaladaas uu tegeyo.
- U soo raadi ilmahaaga buug ku qoran afkaaga, haddii aad weyso isku day in aad adiga mid

u diyaariso adigoo kaashanaya dad kale.
- Ku dadaal sidii ilmahaagu ugu faani lahaa afkaaga.
- Haddii ilmuhu si aan sax ahayn ugu dhawaaqo ha ku qoslin.

Haddii aan u imaado faa’iidada ilmaha afkooda ku hadla ay ka heli karaan waxaa ka mid ah:

1. Isfahamka iyaga iyo waalidka ayaa kor u kacaya.
2. Waxay u fududeyneysaa in ay ehelkooda ballaaran la xiriiraan, haddii aysan af kooda aqoon

caruurtu xiriirkaas wuu go’ayaa.
3. Waxay u fududeysaa bulsho dhexgalkooda.
4. Caruurtu waxay dareemayaan jiritaankooda iyo in ay yihiin dad af iyo dhaqan leh, bulshada

ay la nool yihiina ay ku tixgeliso
5. Waxay siin kartaa fursad shaqo haddii looga baahdo.


Ugu dambeyntii haddii ilmaha labadooda waalid mid ka mid ah uusan ahayn soomaali waa wax la garan karo, laakiin ilmo labadii waalid ay wada yihiin soomaali haddana aan af soomaali ku hadli Karin, taa wax lagu fasiri karo ama mar-marsiiyo loogu raadin karo ma jiraan.
Waxaan ku soo gunaanadayaa in ay waalidiintu ku dadaalaan sidii ay caruurta u baran lahaayeen ama ugu hadli lahaayeen af soomaaliga.

XUSIDDA GEESIGA

Ummad waliba taariikh ayey leedahay, taasoo ka sheekeysa isbedellada ay sameyso iyo heerarka ay soo marto, intabana waxaa sameeya shaqsiyaad ka mid ah ummadaas.
Dadkaas sameeya isbedellada waxaa taariikhdooda xusa faca ka dambeeya oo geliya midba baalka uu kaga aadan yahay.
Ummada soomaaliyeed waxa ay leedahay geesiyaal ka soo qeyb galay heerarkii ay soo martay haddii ay ahaan lahayd halgankii xorriyad-doonka ahaa, kobcinta dhaqanka iyo aqoonta iyo qeybo badanoo ka mid ah kaalimaha horumarineed ee ay bulsho leedahay.
Dhallinyarada maanta waxa ay dusha ka wada hayaan magacyada iyo wixii ay ku soo kordhiyeen bulsho weynta dunida shaqsiyaad aad u tira badan oo aan ku soo wada qaadanay dugsiyada waxbarasho, kuwaasoo in badan oo ka mid ah ay uun ahaayeen kuwa u soo halgamay dalalkii ay u dhasheen; Aristotal, Nabilyan, Shakisbir iyo qaar la mid ah. Sow lama oran karo waxaa weli ina haysta fikirkii gumeysiga ee ahaa in aan baranno magacyo muhiim u ah dalalkooda inagoo ka door bideyna kuweena.
Jiilasha cusub ee soomaaliyeed imisa ayaa garan karta kumoo ahaa xalane oo aan ahayn in lagu yaqaan dugsigii tababarka ciidanka, Yuusuf Kowneyn iyo Maxamuud Axmed Cali xilligoodii iyo kaalintii ay ka soo qaateen aqoonta, taariikhdii Cismaan Yuusuf Keenadiid ama Shire Jaamac, aabihii calanka soomaaliyeed Maxamed Cawaale Liibaan, Yaasiin Xaaji Cismaan iyo laba iyo tobankii dhallinyaro ee saaxiibadii ahaa ee ay wada aasaaseen xisbigii gobannimo doonka SYL oo aan taariikhda guud ee ururkooda ka sokow mid mid aanan u garaneyn qof waliba taariikh nololeedkiisa.
Xilligii dawladdii ugu dambeysay aysan weli burburin waxaa nasiib wanaag ah in wax laga qoray halgankii daraawiishta ee uu hogaaminayey Sayid Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan, muddo dhoweydna aqoonyahanno soomaaliyeed ayaa isku hawlay in ay wax ka qoraan madaxweyne Aaden Cabdulle Cismaan taariikh nololeedkiisii, sidaasi si la eg ayaa soomaalida wax qortaa waajib muqadas ah ay ku tahay in ay uruuriyaan qoraana taariikhda halgamayaasha soomaaliyeed oo aan halkan ku soo koobi karin.

Cabdiraxmaan Maxamed Abtidoona.abtidon@gmail.com

TAXANAHA WARYAA

-Soomaaliya oo tiro koob ah
-Nolosha
-Suugaanta
-Magacyada
-Waqtiga

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